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Maintaining temperature is crucial in both daily life and industrialsettings, ensuring human comfort and device functionality. In the quest forenergy conservation and emission reduction, several contemporary passivetemperature control technologies have emerged, including phase changetemperature control, shape memory alloys, solar thermal utilization, skyradiation cooling, and heat pipe systems. However, there is a pressing need formore quantitative methods to further optimize temperature maintenance. Withadvancements in theoretical thermotics and the emergence of thermalmetamaterials, it is clear that temperature fields can be precisely manipulatedby fine-tuning thermal and structural parameters. This review introduces threeinnovative devices: the energy-free thermostat, the negative-energy thermostat,and the multi-temperature maintenance container. All are grounded in theprinciples of thermal metamaterials and primarily operate under conduction heattransfer conditions. When compared with traditional technologies, theunparalleled efficacy of thermal metamaterials in temperature management isevident. Moreover, brief prospects present strategies to improve temperaturemaintenance under convection heat transfer, thus expanding the applicationspectrum of thermal metamaterials. This review concludes by spotlighting theevolution and interplay of the aforementioned three devices, marking theprogression of thermal metamaterials from theoretical ideas to tangibleengineering solutions. These insights not only bridge the gap between appliedphysics and engineering but also underscore the practical potential of thermalmetamaterials.

Thermal Metamaterials for Temperature Maintenance: From Advances in Heat Conduction to Future Convection Prospects