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Integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) has been regarded as a keytechnology for 6G wireless communications, in which large-scale multiple inputand multiple output (MIMO) array with higher and wider frequency bands will beadopted. However, recent studies show that the beam squint phenomenon can notbe ignored in wideband MIMO system, which generally deteriorates thecommunications performance. In this paper, we find that with the aid oftrue-time-delay lines (TTDs), the range and trajectory of the beam squint innear-field communications systems can be freely controlled, and hence it ispossible to reversely utilize the beam squint for user localization. We derivethe trajectory equation for near-field beam squint points and design a way tocontrol such trajectory. With the proposed design, beamforming from differentsubcarriers would purposely point to different angles and different distances,such that users from different positions would receive the maximum power atdifferent subcarriers. Hence, one can simply localize multiple users from thebeam squint effect in frequency domain, and thus reduce the beam sweepingoverhead as compared to the conventional time domain beam search basedapproach. Furthermore, we utilize the phase difference of the maximum powersubcarriers received by the user at different frequencies in several times beamsweeping to obtain a more accurate distance estimation result, ultimatelyrealizing high accuracy and low beam sweeping overhead user localization.Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed schemes.

Beam Squint Assisted User Localization in Near-Field Integrated Sensing and Communications Systems