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Optical and acoustic resonators based on distributed Bragg reflectors (DBRs)hold significant potential across various domains, from lasers to quantumtechnologies. In ideal conditions with perfectly smooth interfaces andsurfaces, the DBR resonator quality factor primarily depends on the number ofDBR pairs and can be arbitrarily increased by adding more pairs. Here, wepresent a comprehensive analysis of the impact of top layer thickness variationand surface roughness on the performance of both Fabry-Perot and open-cavityresonators based on DBRs. Our findings illustrate that even a small,nanometer-scale surface roughness can appreciably reduce the quality factor ofa given cavity. Moreover, it imposes a limitation on the maximum achievablequality factor, regardless of the number of DBR pairs. These effects holddirect relevance for practical applications, which we explore further throughtwo case studies. In these instances, open nanoacoustic resonators serve assensors for changes occurring in dielectric materials positioned on top ofthem. Our investigation underscores the importance of accounting for surfaceroughness in the design of both acoustic and optical DBR-based cavities, whilealso quantifying the critical significance of minimizing roughness duringmaterial growth and device fabrication processes.

Effects of surface roughness and top layer thickness on the performance  of Fabry-Perot cavities and responsive open resonators based on distributed  Bragg reflectors