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We investigate cosmological consequences of a generalized early dark energy(EDE) model where a scalar field behaves as dark energy at various cosmologicalepochs for a broad range of parameters such as the energy scale and the initialfield value. We consider power-law and axion-type potentials for such an EDEfield and study how it affects the cosmological evolution. We show thatgravitational wave background can be significantly enhanced to be detected infuture observations such as LISA and DECIGO in some parameter space.Implications of the EDE model are also discussed for a scenario where ablue-tilted inflationary tensor power spectrum can explain the recent NANOGrav15-year signal. We argue that the bounds on the reheating temperature can berelaxed compared to the case of the standard thermal history.

Generalized early dark energy and its cosmological consequences