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Optical resolution photoacoustic microscopy (OR-PAM) leverages opticalfocusing and acoustic detection for microscopic optical absorption imaging.Intrinsically it owns high optical lateral resolution and poor acoustic axialresolution. Such anisometric resolution hinders good 3-D visualization; thus2-D maximum amplitude projection images are commonly presented in theliterature. Since its axial resolution is limited by the bandwidth of acousticdetectors, ultrahigh frequency, and wideband detectors with Wienerdeconvolution have been proposed to address this issue. Nonetheless, they alsointroduce other issues such as severe high-frequency attenuation and limitedimaging depth. In this work, we view axial resolution improvement as an axialsignal reconstruction problem, and the axial resolution degradation is causedby axial sidelobe interference. We propose an advanced frequency-domaineigenspace-based minimum variance (F-EIBMV) beamforming technique to suppressaxial sidelobe interference and noises. This method can simultaneously enhancethe axial resolution and contrast of OR-PAM. For a 25-MHz OR-PAM system, thefull-width at half-maximum of an axial point spread function decreasedsignificantly from 69.3 $\mu$m to 16.89 $\mu$m, indicating a significantimprovement in axial resolution.

Improving Axial Resolution of Optical Resolution Photoacoustic  Microscopy with Advanced Frequency Domain Eigenspace Based Minimum Variance  Beamforming Method