English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Inspired by the unique textures of shark skin and bird flight feathers andtails, the convergent-divergent surface pattern holds promise in modulatingboundary layer structures. This surface pattern exhibits protrusions preciselyaligned obliquely (angled in the streamwise direction), often referred to asriblets. These riblets are renowned for their ability to influence thelarge-scale and very-large-scale structures that dominate the boundary layer.This study seeks to elucidate the influence of convergent-divergent riblets onthe boundary layer, with a particular focus on the spanwise direction. We offera review of research concerning vortex generation physics, emphasizinghelicoidal and rotational motions within and adjacent to the riblet valleys. Inaddition, we examine research, both experimental and numerical, addressing keyphysical parameters of convergent-divergent riblets, including yaw angle,wavelength, viscous-scaled riblet height, fetch length, and the transition fromriblets to a smooth surface. The potential for drag reduction using thesebio-inspired riblets is examined. In addition, we delve into the differentmanufacturing techniques for convergent-divergent riblets. Finally, we discussthe possible commercial applications of the convergent-divergent design.

An exhaustive review of studies on bio-inspired convergent-divergent riblets