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This paper investigates the performance of a singleuser fluid antenna system(FAS), by exploiting a class of elliptical copulas to describe the structure ofdependency amongst the fluid antenna ports. By expressing Jakes' model in termsof the Gaussian copula, we consider two cases: (i) the general case, i.e., anyarbitrary correlated fading distribution; and (ii) the specific case, i.e.,correlated Nakagami-m fading. For both scenarios, we first derive analyticalexpressions for the cumulative distribution function (CDF) and probabilitydensity function (PDF) of the equivalent channel in terms of multivariatenormal distribution. Then, we obtain the outage probability (OP) and the delayoutage rate (DOR) to analyze the performance of the FAS. By employing thepopular rank correlation coefficients such as Spearman's \{rho} and Kendall's{\tau}, we measure the degree of dependency in correlated arbitrary fadingchannels and illustrate how the Gaussian copula can be accurately connected toJakes' model in FAS without complicated mathematical analysis. Numericalresults show that increasing the fluid antenna size provides lower OP and DOR,but the system performance saturates as the number of antenna ports increases.In addition, our results indicate that FAS provides better performance comparedto conventional single-fixed antenna systems even when the size of fluidantenna is small.

A Gaussian Copula Approach to the Performance Analysis of Fluid Antenna Systems