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Fresnel reflection has been known for centuries to fundamentally impedeefficient transmittance across planar interfaces, especially at grazingincidence. Herein, we present the generalized Huygens' condition (GHC) toresolve such intricacies in metasurface (MS) designs and allow omnidirectionaltransparency. Compared to common numerical antireflective-coating approaches,our analytical framework yields surprisingly simple closed form conditions,carefully leveraging the natural nonlocal mechanisms endowed in planarelectromagnetic structures. At the meta-atom level, we meet the GHC bybalancing traditional tangential susceptibilities of Huygens' MSs with theirunconventional normal counterparts; the latter facilitates the key requisite ofvanishing backscattering at the challenging grazing incidence scenario. At theMS level, we sheerly utilize this central insight to engineer realisticall-angle transparent printed-circuit-board (PCB) cascaded admittance sheets.Thoroughly validated in simulation and experiment, this universal GHCdemonstrates a resourceful venue for practical implementation of advancednonlocal devices, e.g., flat optical components, optical analog computers, andspaceplates.

Generalized Huygens' condition as the fulcrum of planar nonlocal omnidirectional transparency: from meta-atoms to metasurfaces