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The youngest known Galactic supernova remnant (SNR) G1.9+0.3 hashigh-velocity supernova shock beyond 10000 km s-1, and it is considered to beone of the major candidates of a PeVatron. Despite these outstandingproperties, the surrounding interstellar matter of this object is poorlyunderstood. We investigated the interstellar gas toward G1.9+0.3 using the12CO(J=3-2) data with the angular resolution of 15" obtained by the CHIMPS2survey by the James Clerk Maxwell Telescope, and discovered three individualclouds at -1, 7, and 45 km s-1. From its morphological and velocity structures,the -1 km s-1 cloud, having the largest velocity width >20 km s-1 and locatedat the distance of the Galactic Center, is possibly associated with the SNR.The associated cloud shows a cavity structure both in space and velocity andcoincides well with the SNR. We found that the associated cloud has highercolumn densities toward three bright, radio synchrotron-emitted rims where theradial expansion velocity of the supernova shock is decelerated, and the cloudis faint in the other parts of the SNR. This is the first direct evidenceindicating that the highly anisotropic expansion of G1.9+0.3 observed byprevious studies results from the deceleration by the interaction between thesupernova shock and surrounding dense interstellar medium.

Discovery of a molecular cloud possibly associated with the youngest Galactic SNR G1.9+0.3