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Dark energy is frequently modelled as an additional dynamical scalar fieldcomponent in the Universe, referred to as "quintessence", which drives thelate-time acceleration. Furthermore, the quintessence field may be coupled todark matter and/or baryons, leading to a fifth force. In this paper we explorethe consequences for non-linear cosmological structure formation arising from amomentum coupling between the quintessence field and dark matter only. Thecoupling leads to a modified Euler equation, which we implement in an N-bodycosmological simulation. We then analyse the effects of the coupling on thenon-linear power spectrum and the properties of the dark matter halos. We findthat, for certain quintessence potentials, a positive coupling can lead tosignificantly reduced structure on small scales and somewhat enhanced structureon large scales, as well as reduced halo density profiles and increasedvelocity dispersions.

Cosmological simulations of a momentum coupling between dark matter and quintessence