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Inspired by the energy-saving character of group motion, great interest isdirected toward the design of efficient swarming strategies for groups ofunmanned aerial/underwater vehicles. While most of the current research ondrone swarms addresses controls, communication, and mission planning, lesseffort is put toward understanding the physics of the flow around the membersof the group. Currently, a large variety of drones and underwater vehiclesconsist of non-lifting frames for which the available formation flightstrategies based on lift-induced upwash are not readily applicable. Here, weexplore the V-formations of non-lifting objects and discuss how such aconfiguration alters the flow field around each member of the array compared toa solo flyer and how these changes in flow physics affect the drag forceexperienced by each member. Our measurements are made in a water tunnel using amulti-illumination particle image velocimetry technique where we find that informations with an overlap in streamwise projections of the members, all themembers experience a significant reduction in drag, with some members seeing asmuch as 45% drag reduction. These findings are instrumental in developinggeneralized energy-saving swarming strategies for aerial and underwatervehicles irrespective of the body shapes.

Impact of bio-inspired V-formation on flow past arrangements of non-lifting objects