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We study the effect of asymmetric fermionic dark matter (DM) on the thermalevolution of neutron stars (NSs). No interaction between DM and baryonic matteris assumed, except the gravitational one. Using the two-fluid formalism, weshow that DM accumulated in the core of a star pulls inwards the outer baryoniclayers of the star, increasing the baryonic density in the NS core. As aresult, it significantly affects the star's thermal evolution by triggering anearly onset of the direct Urca process and modifying the photon emission fromthe surface caused by the decrease of the radius. Thus, due to thegravitational pull of DM, the direct Urca process becomes kinematically allowedfor stars with lower masses. Based on these results, we discuss the importanceof NS observations at different distances from the Galactic center. Since theDM distribution peaks towards the Galactic center, NSs in this region areexpected to contain higher DM fractions that could lead to a different coolingbehavior.

Rapid neutron star cooling triggered by accumulated dark matter