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We present here the DECam Ecliptic Exploration Project (DEEP), a three yearNOAO/NOIRLab Survey that was allocated 46.5 nights to discover and measure theproperties of thousands of trans-Neptunian objects (TNOs) to magnitudes asfaint as VR~27, corresponding to sizes as small as 20 km diameter. In thispaper we present the science goals of this project, the experimental design ofour survey, and a technical demonstration of our approach. The core of ourproject is "digital tracking," in which all collected images are combined at arange of motion vectors to detect unknown TNOs that are fainter than the singleexposure depth of VR~23 mag. Through this approach we reach a depth that isapproximately 2.5 magnitudes fainter than the standard LSST "wide fast deep"nominal survey depth of 24.5 mag. DEEP will more than double the number ofknown TNOs with observational arcs of 24 hours or more, and increase by afactor of 10 or more the number of known small (<50 km) TNOs. We also describeour ancillary science goals, including measuring the mean shape distribution ofvery small main belt asteroids, and briefly outline a set of forthcoming papersthat present further aspects of and preliminary results from the DEEP program.

The DECam Ecliptic Exploration Project (DEEP): I. Survey description, science questions, and technical demonstration