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The emergence of connected and automated vehicles (CAVs) promises smoothertraffic flow. In mixed traffic where human-driven vehicles (HDVs) also exist,existing research mostly focuses on "looking ahead" (i.e., the CAVs receiveinformation from preceding vehicles) strategies for CAVs, while recent workreveals that "looking behind" (i.e., the CAVs receive information from theirrear vehicles) strategies might provide more possibilities for CAV longitudinalcontrol. This paper presents a comparative study between these two types ofinformation flow topology (IFT) from the string stability perspective, with therole of maximum platoon size (MPS) also under investigation. Precisely, weprovide a dynamical modeling framework for the mixed platoon under themulti-predecessor-following (MPF) topology and the multi-successor-leading(MSL) topology. Then, a unified method for string stability analysis ispresented, with explicit consideration of both IFT and MPS. Numerical resultssuggest that MSL ("looking behind") outperforms MPF ("looking ahead" ) inmitigating traffic perturbations. In addition, increasing MPS could furtherimprove string stability of mixed traffic flow.

Information Flow Topology in Mixed Traffic: A Comparative Study between "Looking Ahead" and "Looking Behind"