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A new diffuse interface model has been proposed in this study for simulatingbinary alloy solidification under universal cooling conditions, involving bothequilibrium and non-equilibrium solute partitioning. Starting from theGibbs-Thomson equation, which is the classical theory that describes thedynamics of a sharp interface, the phase-field equation is derived using atraveling wave solution that represents a diffuse interface. To tackle thespurious effects caused by the variation of liquid concentration within thediffuse interface with artificial width, a middle obstacle is introduced tosharpen the diffuse interface and an invariant liquid concentration can befound for determining a constant undercooling in the interface normaldirection. For slow solidification under equilibrium conditions, theconvergence performance of the dendrite tip shows superior invulnerability tothe width effect of the diffuse interface. For rapid solidification undernon-equilibrium conditions, the output partition coefficients obtained from thesteady-state concentration profiles agree with the input velocity-dependentfunction. The proposed model is promising to be an indispensable tool for thedevelopment of advanced alloy materials through the microstructure control ofsolidification under a wide range of cooling conditions.

Middle-obstacle approach of mapping phase-field model unto its sharp interface counterpart