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Liquid Nitrogen precooling is used in most Cryoplants to achieve cooldown to80 K temperature range. In one such system at Fermilab's CMTF SuperfluidCryoplant, where the Helium supply directly exchanges heat with liquidNitrogen, freezing of Nitrogen occurred inside the heat exchanger due to heatexchanger imbalance during a Cryoplant trip. Trapped vapor pockets of N2 withinthe frozen heat exchanger channels were formed while warming up the heatexchanger, creating high localized pressure and subsequent damage/rupture ofthe heat exchanger. Replacement of the heat exchanger was done, andmodifications were made in the system to rectify future occurrences. Thecontrol system was updated to bypass the heat exchanger entirely if theincoming Helium stream temperature drops below 76 K. This was done byrepurposing two control valves as heat exchanger bypass valves that werepreviously used for a redundant 80 K adsorber in the coldbox. Additionalmodifications were made to further prevent return of large amount of coldHelium gas from cold end during abrupt Cryoplant shutdown. This modificationhas ensured high reliability of heat exchanger with prevention of freezing ofNitrogen which can damage the heat exchanger.

Nitrogen Precooling Heat Exchanger replacement and control system upgrade in Superfluid Cryoplant at CMTF