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Ultra-fast single-photon detectors with high current density and operatingtemperature can benefit space and ground applications, including quantumoptical communication systems, lightweight cryogenics for space crafts, andmedical use. Here we demonstrate magnesium diboride (MgB$_2$) thin-filmsuperconducting microwires capable of single-photon detection at 1.55 $\mu$moptical wavelength. We used helium ions to alter the properties of MgB$_2$,resulting in microwire-based detectors exhibiting single-photon sensitivityacross a broad temperature range of up to 20 K, and detection efficiencysaturation for 1 $\mu$m wide microwires at 3.7 K. Linearity of detection ratevs incident power was preserved up to at least ~100 Mcps. Despite the largeactive area of up to 400$\times$400 $\mu$m$^2$, the reset time was found to beas low as $\sim1$ ns. Our research provides new possibilities for breaking theoperating temperature limit and maximum single-pixel count rate, expanding thedetector area, and raises inquiries about the fundamental mechanisms ofsingle-photon detection in high-critical-temperature superconductors.

Single-photon detection using large-scale high-temperature MgB$_2$ sensors at 20 K