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The theory of the orbital Hall effect (OHE), a transverse flow of orbitalangular momentum in response to an electric field, has concentratedoverwhelmingly on intrinsic mechanisms. Here, using a quantum kineticformulation, we determine the full OHE in the presence of short-range disorderusing 2D massive Dirac fermions as a prototype. We find that, in doped systems,extrinsic effects associated with the Fermi surface (skew scattering and sidejump) provide $\approx 95\%$ of the OHE. This suggests that, at experimentallyrelevant transport densities, the OHE is primarily extrinsic.

Dominance of extrinsic scattering mechanisms in the orbital Hall effect: graphene, transition metal dichalcogenides and topological antiferromagnets