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Topologically interlocked structures are assemblies of interlocking blocksthat hold together solely through contact. Such structures have been shown toexhibit high strength, energy dissipation, and crack arrest properties. Recentstudies on topologically interlocked structures have shown that both the peakstrength and work-to-failure saturate with increasing friction coefficient.However, this saturated structural response is only achievable withnonphysically high values of the friction coefficient. For beam-liketopologically interlocked structures, non-planar blocks provide an alternateapproach to reach similar structural response with friction properties ofcommonly used materials. It remains unknown whether non-planar blocks havesimilar effects for slab-like assemblies, and what the achievable structuralproperties are. Here, we consider slab-like topologically interlockedstructures and show, using numerical simulations, that non-planar blocks withwave-like surfaces allow for saturated response capacity of the structure witha realistic friction coefficient. We further demonstrate that non-planarmorphologies cause a non-linear scaling of the work-to-failure with peakstrength and result in significant improvements of the work-to-failure andultimate deflection - values that cannot be attained with planar-faced blocks.Finally, we show that the key morphology parameter responsible for the enhancedperformance of non-planar blocks with wave-like surfaces is the local angle ofinclination at the hinging points of the loaded block. These findings shed newlight on topologically interlocked structures with non-planar blocks, allowingfor a better understanding of their strengths and energy absorption.

The key to the enhanced performance of slab-like topologically interlocked structures with non-planar blocks