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The rapid spread of false information and persistent manipulation attacks ononline social networks (OSNs), often for political, ideological, or financialgain, has affected the openness of OSNs. While researchers from variousdisciplines have investigated different manipulation-triggering elements ofOSNs (such as understanding information diffusion on OSNs or detectingautomated behavior of accounts), these works have not been consolidated topresent a comprehensive overview of the interconnections among these elements.Notably, user psychology, the prevalence of bots, and their tactics in relationto false information detection have been overlooked in previous research. Toaddress this research gap, this paper synthesizes insights from variousdisciplines to provide a comprehensive analysis of the manipulation landscape.By integrating the primary elements of social media manipulation (SMM),including false information, bots, and malicious campaigns, we extensivelyexamine each SMM element. Through a systematic investigation of prior research,we identify commonalities, highlight existing gaps, and extract valuableinsights in the field. Our findings underscore the urgent need forinterdisciplinary research to effectively combat social media manipulations,and our systematization can guide future research efforts and assist OSNproviders in ensuring the safety and integrity of their platforms.

False Information, Bots and Malicious Campaigns: Demystifying Elements of Social Media Manipulations