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Crohn's disease (CD) is a chronic and relapsing inflammatory condition thataffects segments of the gastrointestinal tract. CD activity is determined byhistological findings, particularly the density of neutrophils observed onHematoxylin and Eosin stains (H&E) imaging. However, understanding the broadermorphometry and local cell arrangement beyond cell counting and tissuemorphology remains challenging. To address this, we characterize six distinctcell types from H&E images and develop a novel approach for the local spatialsignature of each cell. Specifically, we create a 10-cell neighborhood matrix,representing neighboring cell arrangements for each individual cell. Utilizingt-SNE for non-linear spatial projection in scatter-plot and Kernel DensityEstimation contour-plot formats, our study examines patterns of differences inthe cellular environment associated with the odds ratio of spatial patternsbetween active CD and control groups. This analysis is based on data collectedat the two research institutes. The findings reveal heterogeneousnearest-neighbor patterns, signifying distinct tendencies of cell clustering,with a particular focus on the rectum region. These variations underscore theimpact of data heterogeneity on cell spatial arrangements in CD patients.Moreover, the spatial distribution disparities between the two research siteshighlight the significance of collaborative efforts among healthcareorganizations. All research analysis pipeline tools are available athttps://github.com/MASILab/cellNN.

Cell Spatial Analysis in Crohn's Disease: Unveiling Local Cell Arrangement Pattern with Graph-based Signatures