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Interest in the integration of Terrestrial Networks (TN) and Non-TerrestrialNetworks (NTN); primarily satellites; has been rekindled due to the potentialof NTN to provide ubiquitous coverage. Especially with the peculiar andflexible physical layer properties of 5G-NR, now direct access to 5G servicesthrough satellites could become possible. However, the large Round-Trip Delays(RTD) in NTNs require a re-evaluation of the design of RLC and PDCP layerstimers ( and associated buffers), in particular for the regenerative payloadsatellites which have limited computational resources, and hence need to beoptimally utilized. Our aim in this work is to initiate a new line of researchfor emerging NTNs with limited resources from a higher-layer perspective. Tothis end, we propose a novel and efficient method for optimally designing theRLC and PDCP layers' buffers and timers without the need for intensivecomputations. This approach is relevant for low-cost satellites, which havelimited computational and energy resources. The simulation results show thatthe proposed methods can significantly improve the performance in terms ofresource utilization and delays.

Adaptive Timers and Buffer Optimization for Layer-2 Protocols in 5G Non-Terrestrial Networks