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Movable antenna (MA) is an emerging technology which enables a local movementof the antenna in the transmitter/receiver region for improving the channelcondition and communication performance. In this paper, we study the deploymentof multiple MAs at the base station (BS) for enhancing the multiusercommunication performance. First, we model the multiuser channel in the uplinkto characterize the wireless channel variation due to MAs' movements at the BS.Then, an optimization problem is formulated to maximize the minimum achievablerate among multiple users for MA-aided uplink multiuser communications byjointly optimizing the MAs' positions, their receive combining at the BS, andthe transmit power of users, under the constraints of finite moving region forMAs, minimum inter-MA distance, and maximum transmit power of each user. Tosolve this challenging non-convex optimization problem, a two-loop iterativealgorithm is proposed by leveraging the particle swarm optimization (PSO)method. Specifically, the outer-loop updates the positions of a set ofparticles, where each particle's position represents one realization of theantenna position vector (APV) of all MAs. The inner-loop implements the fitnessevaluation for each particle in terms of the max-min achievable rate ofmultiple users with its corresponding APV, where the receive combining matrixof the BS and the transmit power of each user are optimized by applying theblock coordinate descent (BCD) technique. Simulation results show that theantenna position optimization for MAs-aided BSs can significantly improve therate performance as compared to conventional BSs with fixed-position antennas(FPAs).

Multiuser Communications with Movable-Antenna Base Station: Joint Antenna Positioning, Receive Combining, and Power Control