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Inelastic neutron scattering experiments combining time-of-flight andpolarized techniques yield a comprehensive picture of the magnon dispersion inmultiferroic TbMnO3 including the dynamic chirality. Taking into account onlyMn3+ moments, spin-wave calculations including nearest-neighbor interactions,frustrating next-nearest neighbor exchange as well as single-ion anisotropy andantisymmetric terms describe the energy dispersion and the distribution ofneutron scattering intensity in the multiferroic state very well. Polarizedneutron scattering reveals strong dynamic chirality of both signs that may becontrolled by external electric fields in the multiferroic phase. Also abovethe onset of long-range multiferroic order in zero electric field, a smallinelastic chiral component can be inverted by an electric field. Themicroscopic spin-wave calculations fully explain also the dynamic chirality ofmagnetic excitations, which is imprinted by the static chirality of themultiferroic phase. The ordering of Tb3+ moments at lower temperature reducesthe broadening of magnons but also renders the magnon dispersion more complex.

Spin-wave dispersion and magnon chirality in multiferroic TbMnO3