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This paper examines a discrete predator-prey model that incorporates preyrefuge and its detrimental impact on the growth of the prey population. Agestructure is taken into account for predator species. Furthermore, juvenilehunting as well as prey counter-attack are also considered. This paper providesa comprehensive analysis of the existence and stability conditions pertainingto all possible fixed points. The analytical and numerical investigation intothe occurrence of different bifurcations, such as the Neimark-Sackerbifurcation and period-doubling bifurcation, in relation to various parametersis discussed. The impact of the parameters reflecting prey growth and preyrefuge is thoroughly addressed. Numerous numerical simulations are presented inorder to validate the theoretical findings.

A discrete-time dynamical model of prey and stage-structured predator with juvenile hunting incorporating negative effects of prey refuge