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The resurgence of interest in nuclear power around the world highlights theimportance of effective methods to safeguard against nuclear proliferation.Many powerful safeguarding techniques have been developed and are currentlyemployed, but new approaches are needed to address proliferation challengesfrom emerging advanced reactor designs and fuel cycles. Building on prior workthat demonstrated monitoring of nuclear reactor operation using neutrinodetectors, we develop and present a simple quantitative statistical testsuitable for analysis of measured reactor neutrino data and demonstrate itsefficacy in a semi-cooperative reactor monitoring scenario. In this approach, amoderate-sized neutrino detector is placed near the reactor site to helpmonitor possible MOX fuel diversion independent of inspection-based monitoring.We take advantage of differing time-dependent neutrino count rates during theoperating cycle of a reactor core to monitor any deviations of measurementsfrom expectations given a declared fuel composition. For a five-ton idealizeddetector placed 25m away from a hypothetical 3565 MWth reactor, the statisticaltest is capable of detecting the diversion of ~80kg plutonium at the 95%confidence level 90% of the time over a 540-day observation period.

Nuclear Reactor Safeguarding with Neutrino Detection for MOX Loading Verification