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Symmetry breaking plays a crucial role in understanding the fundamentalphysics underlying numerous physical phenomena, including the electromagneticresponse in resonators, giving rise to intriguing effects such as directionallight scattering, supercavity lasing, and topologically protected states. Inthis work, we demonstrate that adding a small fraction of lossy metal (as lowas $1\times10^{-6}$ in volume), to a lossless dielectric resonator breaksinversion symmetry thereby lifting its degeneracy, leading to a strongbianisotropic response. In the case of the metasurface composed of suchresonators, this effect leads to unidirectional perfect absorption whilemaintaining nearly perfect reflection from the opposite direction. We havedeveloped more general Onsager-Casimir relations for the polarizabilities ofparticle arrays, taking into account the contributions of quadrupoles, whichshows that bianisotropy is not solely due to dipoles, but also involveshigh-order multipoles. Our experimental validation demonstrates an extremelythin terahertz-perfect absorber with a wavelength-to-thickness ratio of up to25,000, where the material thickness is only 2% of the theoretical minimumthickness dictated by the fundamental limit. Our findings have significantimplications for a variety of applications, including energy harvesting,thermal management, single-photon detection, and low-power directionalemission.

Extremely thin perfect absorber by generalized multipole bianisotropic effect