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This paper proposes a novel phase shift design for cell-free massivemultiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) systems assisted by reconfigurableintelligent surface (RIS), which only utilizes channel statistics to achievethe uplink sum ergodic throughput maximization under spatial channelcorrelations. Due to the non-convexity and the scale of the derivedoptimization problem, we develop an improved version of the differentialevolution (DE) algorithm. The proposed scheme is capable of providinghigh-quality solutions within reasonable computing time. Numerical resultsdemonstrate superior improvements of the proposed phase shift designs over theother benchmarks, particularly in scenarios where direct links are highlyprobable.

Phase Shift Design for RIS-Aided Cell-Free Massive MIMO with Improved Differential Evolution