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DNA is an attractive medium for digital data storage. When data is stored onDNA, errors occur, which makes error-correcting coding techniques critical forreliable DNA data storage. To reduce the number of errors, a common techniqueis to include constraints that avoid homopolymers (consecutive repeatednucleotides) and balance the GC content, as sequences with homopolymers andunbalanced GC contents are often associated with larger error rates. However,constrained coding comes at the cost of an increase in redundancy. Analternative (unconstrained coding) is to control the errors by randomizing thesequences, embracing errors, and paying for them with additional codingredundancy. In this paper, we determine the error regimes in which embracingerrors is more efficient than constrained coding. We find that constrainedcoding is inefficient in most common error regimes for DNA data storage.Specifically, the error probabilities for nucleotides in homopolymers and insequences with unbalanced GC contents must be very large for constrained codingto achieve a higher code rate than unconstrained coding.

Embracing Errors is More Efficient than Avoiding Them through Constrained Coding for DNA Data Storage