English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Free Plan

The Telescope Array (TA) of central Utah was designed to detectultra-high-energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) and is the largest of its kind in theNorthern hemisphere. Its capabilities, however, are not limited toextra-terrestrial sources. Scintillation detectors (SDs) in the array aredesigned to measure energy deposit from charged cosmic ray secondaries, buthave recently caught bursts of electromagnetic radiation that do not match thetypical signature of cosmic ray air showers. After investigation, the burstswere tied to individual lightning strikes. In an effort to better understandthe phenomenon, Langmuir Laboratory for Atmospheric Research at New Mexico Techprovided specialized lightning detectors across the array, eventuallyconfirming the events as downward terrestrial gamma-ray flashes (TGFs) producedin the first few microseconds of lightning flashes. After 20 identified TGFsand 2 publications, the lightning instrumentation at Telescope Array wasupgraded in the summer of 2018 with the addition of a broadband interferometer(INTF) for high-resolution lightning mapping. This unique variety of lightningdetectors has become one of the leading studies of downward TGFs. Thisdissertation is focused on the application of this method and resultson fourevents from late 2018. The individual TGFs lasted <10 us and likely consistedof >10^12 gamma-rays, with evidence of some energies >2.6 MeV. I determined TGFsource times, plan locations, and altitudes with average uncertainties of 0.6us, 140 m, and 25 m, respectively. This high resolution showed that TGFs in allfour of these events occured during strong initial breakdown pulses and wasdriven by streamer-based fast negative breakdown in the first couplemilliseconds of negative intracloud and cloud-to-ground lightning flashes.

Analysis of Downward Terrestrial Gamma-ray Flashes Using a Large-Area Cosmic Ray Scintillation Detector