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This paper studies the deployment of multiple movable antennas (MAs) at thebase station (BS) for enhancing the multiuser communication performance. First,we model the multiuser channel in the uplink to characterize the wirelesschannel variation caused by MAs' movement at the BS. Then, an optimizationproblem is formulated to maximize the minimum achievable rate among multipleusers for MA-aided uplink multiuser communications by jointly optimizing theMAs' positions, their receive combining at the BS, and the transmit power ofusers, under the constraints of finite moving region of MAs, minimum inter-MAdistance, and maximum transmit power of each user. To solve this challengingnon-convex optimization problem, a two-loop iterative algorithm is proposed byleveraging the particle swarm optimization (PSO) method. Specifically, theouter-loop updates the positions of a set of particles, where each particle'sposition represents one realization of the antenna positioning vector (APV) ofall MAs. The inner-loop implements the fitness evaluation for each particle interms of the max-min achievable rate of multiple users with its correspondingAPV, where the receive combining matrix of the BS and the transmit power ofeach user are optimized by applying the block coordinate descent (BCD)technique. Simulation results show that the antenna position optimization forMAs-aided BS can significantly improve the rate performance as compared toconventional BS with fixed-position antennas (FPAs).

Multiuser Communications with Movable-Antenna Base Station Via Antenna Position Optimization