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This paper investigates the issue of fairness in Distributed LedgerTechnology (DLT), specifically focusing on the shortcomings observed in currentblockchain systems due to Miner Extractable Value (MEV) phenomena and systemiccentralization. We explore the potential of Directed Acyclic Graphs (DAGs) as asolution to address or mitigate these fairness concerns. Our objective is togain a comprehensive understanding of fairness in DAG-based DLTs by examiningits different aspects and measurement metrics. We aim to establish a sharedknowledge base that facilitates accurate fairness assessment and allows for anevaluation of whether DAG-based DLTs offer a more equitable design. We describethe various dimensions of fairness and conduct a comparative analysis toexamine how they relate to different components of DLTs. This analysis servesas a catalyst for further research, encouraging the development ofcryptographic systems that promote fairness.

Fairness Notions in DAG-based DLTs