English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Cost-efficient and easily integrable broadband mid-infrared (mid-IR) sourceswould significantly enhance the application space of photonic integratedcircuits (PICs). Thermal incandescent sources are superior to other commonmid-IR emitters based on semiconductor materials in terms of PIC compatibility,manufacturing costs, and bandwidth. Ideal thermal emitters would radiatedirectly into the desired modes of the PIC waveguides via near-field couplingand would be stable at very high temperatures. Graphene is a semi-metallictwo-dimensional material with comparable emissivity to thin metallic thermalemitters. It allows maximum coupling into waveguides by placing it directlyinto their evanescent fields. Here, we demonstrate graphene mid-IR emittersintegrated with photonic waveguides that couple directly into the fundamentalmode of silicon waveguides designed for a wavelength of 4,2 {\mu}m relevant forCO${_2}$ sensing. High broadband emission intensity is observed at thewaveguide-integrated graphene emitter. The emission at the output gratingcouplers confirms successful coupling into the waveguide mode. Thermalsimulations predict emitter temperatures up to 1000{\deg}C, where the blackbodyradiation covers the mid-IR region. A coupling efficiency {\eta}, defined asthe light emitted into the waveguide divided by the total emission, of up to68% is estimated, superior to data published for other waveguide-integratedemitters.

Graphene thermal infrared emitters integrated into silicon photonic waveguides