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Household travel surveys have been used for decades to collect individualsand households' travel behavior. However, self-reported surveys are subject torecall bias, as respondents might struggle to recall and report theiractivities accurately. This study examines the time reporting error of publictransit users in a nationwide household travel survey by matching, at theindividual level, five consecutive years of data from two sources, namely theDanish National Travel Survey (TU) and the Danish Smart Card system(Rejsekort). Survey respondents are matched with travel cards from theRejsekort data solely based on the respondents' declared spatiotemporal travelbehavior. Approximately, 70% of the respondents were successfully matched withRejsekort travel cards. The findings reveal a median time reporting error of11.34 minutes, with an Interquartile Range of 28.14 minutes. Furthermore, astatistical analysis was performed to explore the relationships between thesurvey respondents' reporting error and their socio-economic and demographiccharacteristics. The results indicate that females and respondents with a fixedschedule are in general more accurate than males and respondents with aflexible schedule in reporting their times of travel. Moreover, trips reportedduring weekdays or via the internet displayed higher accuracies compared totrips reported during weekends and holidays or via telephones. Thisdisaggregated analysis provides valuable insights that could help in improvingthe design and analysis of travel surveys, as well accounting for reportingerrors/biases in travel survey-based applications. Furthermore, it offersvaluable insights underlying the psychology of travel recall by surveyrespondents.

Analyzing the Reporting Error of Public Transport Trips in the Danish National Travel Survey Using Smart Card Data