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The local oscillator in practical continuous-variable quantum keydistribution system fluctuates at any time during the key distribution process,which may open security loopholes for the eavesdropper to hide hereavesdropping behaviors. Based on this, we investigate a more stealthy quantumattack where the eavesdroppers simulates random fluctuations of localoscillator intensity in a practical discrete-modulated continuous-variablequantum key distribution system. Theoretical simulations show that bothcommunicating parties will misestimate channel parameters and overestimate thesecret key rate due to the modified attack model, even though they havemonitored the mean local oscillator intensity and shot-noise as commonly used.Specifically, the eavesdropper's manipulation of random fluctuations in LOintensity disturbs the parameter estimation in realistic discrete-modulatedcontinuous-variable quantum key distribution system, where the experimentalparameters are always used for constraints of the semidefinite programmodeling. The modified attack introduced by random fluctuations of localoscillator can only be eliminated by monitoring the local oscillator intensityin real time which places a higher demand on the accuracy of monitoringtechnology. Moreover, similar quantum hacking will also occur in practicallocal local oscillator system by manipulating the random fluctuations in pilotintensity, which shows the strong adaptability and the important role of theproposed attack.

Quantum hacking against discrete-modulated continuous-variable quantum  key distribution using modified local oscillator intensity attack with random  fluctuations