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Gravitational wave signal offers a promising window into the dynamics of theearly universe. The recent results from pulsar timing arrays (PTAs) could bethe first glimpse of such new physics. In particular, they could point to newdetails during the inflation, which can not be probed by other means. Weexplore the possibility that the new results could come from the secondarygravitational wave sourced by curvature perturbations, generated by afirst-order phase transition during the inflation. Based on the results of afield-theoretic lattice simulation of the phase transition process, we showthat the gravitational wave signal generated through this mechanism can accountfor the new results from the PTAs. We analyze the spectral shape of the signalin detail. Future observations can use such information to distinguish thegravitational wave signal considered here from other possible sources.

Phase transition during inflation and the gravitational wave signal at pulsar timing arrays