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By inducing smart materials and well-designed structures, functional surfaceshave been developed for small-scale liquid/solid manipulation tasks, benefitingcrucial applications in the fields of microfluidics, soft robotics, andbiomedical engineering. However, it remains challenging to design functionalsystems with flexible, tunable, and multimodal liquid/solid manipulationcapabilities. Here, inspired by asymmetric structural features in naturalplants and metachrony in cross-scale biological systems, I report amagnetic-responsive functional surface that can achieve rich liquid operationsin an energy-free manner and transport solids with multiple degrees of freedom(DOFs). Curvature pillars on the surface and their magnetic-driventilt/gradient arrangement endow liquids with multi-directional spreading modesbased on Laplace pressure asymmetry. I reveal the mechanisms of these liquidspreading modes, and correspondingly develop attractive liquid operations,e.g., adjustable anti-gravity climbing, the spontaneous modal shift in liquidtransport, and liquid mixing. Moreover, the dynamic metachronal motion ofmagnetic pillars can be utilized to transport solid objects. I illustrate thesynchronous/asynchronous transport modes of the surface, and by coordinatingthe object arrangement and magnetic actuation strategies, I propose a novelstrategy to achieve 3-DOF solid transportation. This study presents a newdesign concept for application-oriented amphibious manipulation surfaces, whichcan find meaning in extensive engineering applications.

Bioinspired multi-asymmetric magnetized surfaces for tailoring energy-free liquid manipulation and 3-DOF solid transportation