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Decentralized architecture offers a robust and flexible structure for onlineplatforms, since centralized moderation and computation can be easy to disruptwith targeted attacks. However, a platform offering a decentralizedarchitecture does not guarantee that users will use it in a decentralized way,and measuring the centralization of socio-technical networks is not an easytask. In this paper we introduce a method of characterizing community influencein terms of how many edges between communities would be disrupted by acommunity's removal. Our approach provides a careful definition of"centralization" appropriate in bipartite user-community socio-technicalnetworks, and demonstrates the inadequacy of more trivial methods forinterrogating centralization such as examining the distribution of communitysizes. We use this method to compare the structure of multiple socio-technicalplatforms -- Mastodon, git code hosting servers, BitChute, Usenet, and Voat --and find a range of structures, from interconnected but decentralized gitservers to an effectively centralized use of Mastodon servers, as well asmultiscale hybrid network structures of disconnected Voat subverses. As theecosystem of socio-technical platforms diversifies, it becomes critical to notsolely focus on the underlying technologies but also consider the structure ofhow users interact through the technical infrastructure.

Measuring Centralization of Online Platforms Through Size and Interconnection of Communities