English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Two critical end points (CEPs) of the chiral phase transition and the nuclearliquid-gas phase transition show up at finite baryon chemical potential. Thekurtosis $\kappa\sigma^2$ of baryon number fluctuation on the $T-\mu_B$ planeis positive on the first-order side and negative on the crossover side alongthe phase boundary. The freeze-out line extracted from the heavy ion collisionscrosses between these two phase boundaries, one can observe a peak of$\kappa\sigma^2$ around the collision energy $5 {\rm GeV}$ near the CEP of thechiral phase transition, and negative $\kappa\sigma^2$ at low collisionenergies due to the CEP of the nuclear liquid-gas phase transition. Thisexpalains the experimental measurement of $\kappa\sigma^2$ at the collisionenergies of 2.4 GeV at HADES and 3 GeV and 7.7-200 GeV at STAR for most centralcollision. Thus we propose that the baryon number fluctuation $\kappa\sigma^2$can be used as a probe of nuclear matter phase structure at high baryondensity.

The baryon number fluctuation $\kappa\sigma^2$ as a probe of nuclear matter phase transition at high baryon density