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The development of tissue-engineered cardiovascular implants can improve thelives of large segments of our society who suffer from cardiovascular diseases.Regenerative tissues are fabricated using a process called tissue maturation.Furthermore, it is highly challenging to produce cardiovascular regenerativeimplants with sufficient mechanical strength to withstand the loadingconditions within the human body. Therefore, biohybrid implants for which theregenerative tissue is reinforced by standard reinforcement material (e.g.textile or 3d printed scaffold) can be an interesting solution. In silicomodels can significantly contribute to characterizing, designing, andoptimizing biohybrid implants. The first step towards this goal is to develop acomputational model for the maturation process of tissue-engineered implants.This paper focuses on the mechanical modeling of textile-reinforcedtissue-engineered cardiovascular implants. First, we propose an energy-basedapproach to compute the collagen evolution during the maturation process. Then,we apply the concept of structural tensors to model the anisotropic behavior ofthe extracellular matrix and the textile scaffold. Next, the newly developedmaterial model is embedded into a special solid-shell finite elementformulation with reduced integration. Finally, we use our framework to computetwo structural problems: a pressurized shell construct and a tubular-shapedheart valve. The results show the ability of the model to predict collagengrowth in response to the boundary conditions applied during the maturationprocess. Consequently, we can predict the implant's mechanical response, suchas the deformation and stresses of the implant.

Mechanical modeling of the maturation process for tissue-engineered implants: application to biohybrid heart valves