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Light-matter interactions within indoor environments are significantlydepolarizing. Nonetheless, the relatively small polarization attributes areinformative. To make use of this information, polarized-BRDF (pBRDF) models forcommon indoor materials are sought. Fresnel reflection and diffuse partialpolarization are popular terms in pBRDF models, but the relative contributionof each is highly material-dependent and changes based on scattering geometryand albedo. An efficient pBRDF would describe these dependencies with as fewparameters as possible while retaining physical significance and task-relevantinformation. This work compares a triply-degenerate (TD)-Mueller matrix (MM)model to measurements of 3D printed objects. In this TD-MM model, theradiometric, polarimetric, and depolarization attributes are decoupled toreduce the number of parameters. The depolarization is quantified by a singlegeometry-dependent parameter, four geometry-independent material constantsdescribe the polarization properties, and our TD-MM model is normalized to unitradiance so that the BRDF is decoupled. To test an application of the TD-MMmodel the material constants are assumed and the geometry-dependentdepolarization parameter for a red 3D printed sphere is estimated from linearStokes images. The geometry-averaged error of the depolarization parameter is4.2% at 662 nm (high albedo) and 11.7% at 451 nm (low albedo). Since the erroris inversely proportional to albedo and depolarization, the TD-MM model isreferred to as appropriate for depolarization-dominant materials. Therobustness of the TD-MM model is also tested by comparing ground-truth Muellerimages to extrapolations of a red 3D printed Stanford bunny under arbitrarypolarized illumination.

Efficient Modeling of Depolarizing Mueller BRDFs