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The most probable candidate for the role of a nuclear optical standard is the8.338-eV isomer of the 229mTh isotope of the thorium nucleus. Ways of using theresonance properties of the electron shell as an optical resonator to createlaser-nuclear technologies necessary for the optical pumping of nuclear isomersand other manipulations of atomic nuclei leading to the creation of anext-generation frequency standard and nuclear-optical clocks based on them arediscussed. Deep relations between the physics of resonance electron-nuclearinteractions and the true solution of the thorium puzzle are shown. The articlediscusses important principles of resonant optical pumping, such as thepresence of a finite width in the intermediate electronic state, and othersthat are usually overlooked with a fatal result for the experiment. The wideapplication of the various physics of these processes will predetermine arevolutionary leap in the development of new laser-nuclear technologies.

On the problems of creating a nuclear-optical frequency standard based on 229Th