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This paper investigates the utilization of simultaneously transmitting andreflecting RIS (STAR-RIS) in supporting joint physical layer security (PLS) andcovert communications (CCs) in a multi-antenna millimeter wave (mmWave) system,where the base station (BS) communicates with both covert and security userswhile defeating eavesdropping by wardens with the help of a STAR-RIS.Specifically, analytical derivations are performed to obtain the closed-formexpression of warden's minimum detection error probability (DEP). Furthermore,the asymptotic result of the minimum DEP and the lower bound of the securerates are derived, considering the practical assumption that BS only knows thestatistical channel state information (CSI) between STAR-RIS and the wardens.Subsequently, an optimization problem is formulated with the aim of maximizingthe average sum of the covert rate and the minimum secure rate while ensuringthe covert requirement and quality of service (QoS) for legal users by jointlyoptimizing the active and passive beamformers. Due to the strong coupling amongvariables, an iterative algorithm based on the alternating strategy and thesemi-definite relaxation (SDR) method is proposed to solve the non-convexoptimization problem. Simulation results indicate that the performance of theproposed STAR-RIS-assisted scheme greatly surpasses that of the conventionalRIS scheme, which validates the superiority of STAR-RIS in simultaneouslyimplementing PLS and CCs.

STAR-RIS Enhanced Joint Physical Layer Security and Covert Communications for Multi-antenna mmWave Systems