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Skyrmions in non-centrosymmetric materials are believed to occur due to theDzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction. In contrast, the skyrmion formationmechanism in centrosymmetric materials remains elusive. Among those, Gd-basedcompounds are the prototype compounds; however, their electronic structure isnot uncovered, even though it should be the foundation for elucidating theskyrmion mechanism. Here, we reveal the intrinsic electronic structure ofGdRu2Si2 for the first time by magnetic domain selective measurements ofangle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES). In particular, we find therobust Fermi surface (FS) nesting, consistent with the q-vector detected by theprevious resonant X-ray scattering (RXS) measurements. Most importantly, wefind that the pseudogap is opened at the nested portions of FS at lowtemperatures. The momentum locations of the pseudogap vary for differentmagnetic domains, most likely having a direct relationship with the screw-typespin modulation that changes direction for each domain. Intriguingly, theanomalous pseudogap disconnects the FS to generate Fermi arcs with 2-foldsymmetry. These results indicate the significance ofRuderman-Kittel-Kasuya-Yosida (RKKY) interaction, in which itinerant electronsmediate to stabilize the local magnetic moment, as the mechanism for themagnetism in the Gd-based skyrmion magnets. Our data also predict that themomentum space where the pseudogap opens is doubled (or Fermi arcs shrink) andthereby stabilizes the skyrmion phase under a magnetic field. Furthermore, wedemonstrate the flexible nature of magnetism in GdRu2Si2 by manipulatingmagnetic domains with a magnetic field and temperature cyclings, providing apossibility of future application for data storage and processing device withcentrosymmetric skyrmion magnets.

Magnetic-domain-dependent pseudogap induced by Fermi surface nesting in a centrosymmetric skyrmion magnet