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In this paper, models of the blood glucose (BG) dynamics in people with Type1 diabetes (T1D) in response to moderate intensity aerobic activity are derivedfrom physiology-based first principles and system identification experiments.We show that by enhancing insulin-dependent glucose utilization by the tissuesin two phases, a rapid short-term increase in insulin-independent glucoseclearance and augmented glucose uptake, and a long-term sustained increasesensitivity to insulin action, a metabolic model able to reproduce the effectsof activity on glucose disposal is obtained. Second, a control-orientedtransfer function model is proposed to predict the BG response to an exercisebout modeled as a step change in heart rate (HR). Results comparing modelpredictions with actual patients data collected in a series of experimentalsessions including physical activity (PA) are presented. The findings willcontribute to the design of a fully automated closed-loop for improved glucosecontrol in conditions of daily life for people with T1D.

Modeling Physical Activity Impact on Glucose Dynamics in People with Type 1 Diabetes for a Fully Automated Artificial Pancreas