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This paper addresses the problem of direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation forconstant modulus (CM) source signals using a uniform or sparse linear array.Existing methods typically exploit either the Vandermonde structure of thesteering matrix or the CM structure of source signals only. In this paper, wepropose a structured matrix recovery technique (SMART) for CM DOA estimationvia fully exploiting the two structures. In particular, we reformulate thehighly nonconvex CM DOA estimation problems in the noiseless and noisy cases asequivalent rank-constrained Hankel-Toeplitz matrix recovery problems, in whichthe Vandermonde structure is captured by a series of Hankel-Toeplitz blockmatrices, of which the number equals the number of snapshots, and the CMstructure is guaranteed by letting the block matrices share a same Toeplitzsubmatrix. The alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM) is applied tosolve the resulting rank-constrained problems and the DOAs are uniquelyretrieved from the numerical solution. Extensive simulations are carried out tocorroborate our analysis and confirm that the proposed SMART outperformsstate-of-the-art algorithms in terms of the maximum number of locatable sourcesand statistical efficiency.

Direction-of-Arrival Estimation for Constant Modulus Signals Using a Structured Matrix Recovery Technique