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The periodical degassing from CO2 over-pressured reservoirs may have seriousconsequences for the environment making urgent understanding the processes andforecasting the frequency. Prediction though needs methods that depends fromtemporal and spatial properties of hydro-chemical and physical reservoircharacteristics that unfortunately are often lacking. We have analyzed surfaceemissions of CO2 attributed to over-pressured CO2-rich reservoirs in theCentral Italian Apennines a zone characterized by significant periodical CO2degassing. Here aquifers are hosted in Mesozoic limestone with high pCO2groundwater and travertine deposits. We analyzed a 10-year temporal series andfound that in the Apennines, CO2 flux and aquifer fluid composition arecorrelated with the lunar tides specific to the geographic zone. In particular,our study reveals that low CO2 flux corresponds with low lunar tidal potentialvalues. We found a similar trend for dissolved calcium and water alkalinity,while pH values display a linear correlation with tidal cycles. The forcesassociated with tidal potentials are not capable of fracturing rock. However,they can, under certain conditions, drive the flow of fluids in over-pressuredreservoirs, triggering sub-surface fluid movements that in turn modify thewater-rock reactivity. In the central Apennines, these movements result inincreased dolomite dissolution and an eventual return to calcite equilibrium.In this case, dolomite dissolution breaks the rock releasing calcium intoground water, which leads to calcite equilibrium and in turn to the formationof significant quantities of travertine and the concomitant release of CO2 inthe atmosphere.

The Effect of Lunar Declination on CO2 degassing from Central Italian Apennines