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Binary classical information is routinely encoded in the two metastablestates of a dynamical system. Since these states may exhibit macroscopiclifetimes, the encoded information inherits a strong protection againstbit-flips. A recent qubit - the cat-qubit - is encoded in the manifold ofmetastable states of a quantum dynamical system, thereby acquiring bit-flipprotection. An outstanding challenge is to gain quantum control over such asystem without breaking its protection. If this challenge is met, significantshortcuts in hardware overhead are forecast for quantum computing. In thisexperiment, we implement a cat-qubit with bit-flip times exceeding ten seconds.This is a four order of magnitude improvement over previous cat-qubitimplementations, and six orders of magnitude enhancement over the single photonlifetime that compose this dynamical qubit. This was achieved by introducing aquantum tomography protocol that does not break bit-flip protection. We prepareand image quantum superposition states, and measure phase-flip times above 490nanoseconds. Most importantly, we control the phase of these superpositionswhile maintaining the bit-flip time above ten seconds. This work demonstratesquantum operations that preserve macroscopic bit-flip times, a necessary stepto scale these dynamical qubits into fully protected hardware-efficientarchitectures.

Quantum control of a cat-qubit with bit-flip times exceeding ten seconds