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Quantum communication is based on the generation of quantum states andexploitation of quantum resources for communication protocols. Currently,photons are considered as the optimal carrier of information, because theyenable long-distance transition with resilience to decoherence, and they arerelatively easy to create and detect. Entanglement is a fundamental resourcefor quantum communication and information processing, and it is of particularimportance for quantum repeaters [1]. Hyperentanglement [2], a state whereparties are entangled with two or more degrees of freedom (DoFs), provides animportant additional resource because it increases data rates and enhanceserror resilience. However, in photonics, the channel capacity, i.e. theultimate throughput, is fundamentally limited when dealing with linearelements. We propose a technique for achieving higher transmission rates forquantum communication by using hyperentangled states, based on multiplexingmultiple DoFs on a single photon, transmitting the photon, and eventuallydemultiplexing the DoFs to different photons at the destination, using a Bellstate measurement. Following our scheme, one can generate two entangled qubitpairs by sending only a single photon. The proposed transmission scheme laysthe groundwork for novel quantum communication protocols with highertransmission rate and refined control over scalable quantum technologies.

Increasing Quantum Communication Rates Using Hyperentangled Photonic States