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Electroweak dipole operators in the Standard Model Effective Field Theory(SMEFT) are important indirect probes of quantum effects of new physics beyondthe Standard Model (SM), yet they remain poorly constrained by currentexperimental analyses for lack of interference with the SM amplitudes inconstructing cross section observables. In this Letter, we point out thatdipole operators flip fermion helicities so are ideally studied through singletransverse spin asymmetries. We illustrate this at a future electron-positroncollider with transversely polarized beams, where such effect exhibits asazimuthal $\cos\phi$ and $\sin\phi$ distributions which originate from theinterference of the electron dipole operators with the SM and are linearlydependent on their Wilson coefficients. This new method can improve the currentconstraints on the electron dipole couplings by one to two orders of magnitude,without depending on other new physics operators, and can also simultaneouslyconstrain both their real and imaginary parts, offering a new opportunity forprobing potential $CP$-violating effects.

Single Transverse Spin Asymmetry as a New Probe of SMEFT Dipole Operators